Enable ECH on Chrome
Turn on flag
about://flags/#encrypted-client-hello
Verify https://exhentai.org/cdn-cgi/trace
References
https://blog.cloudflare.com/announcing-encrypted-client-hello/
Turn on flag
about://flags/#encrypted-client-hello
Verify https://exhentai.org/cdn-cgi/trace
References
https://blog.cloudflare.com/announcing-encrypted-client-hello/
Get the Value of an Input Element:
To retrieve the current value of an input element, you can use the GetAttribute
method to fetch the “value” attribute. Here’s an example:
using OpenQA.Selenium; using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome; class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { // Create a new instance of the Chrome driver IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(); // Navigate to your web page driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("your_website_url_here"); // Find the input element by its ID (replace with your element's ID) IWebElement inputElement = driver.FindElement(By.Id("your_input_element_id")); // Get the current value of the input element string inputValue = inputElement.GetAttribute("value"); // Print the value to the console Console.WriteLine("Current Value: " + inputValue); // Close the driver when done driver.Quit(); } }
Set the Value of an Input Element:
To set a new value to an input element, you can use the SendKeys
method. Here’s an example:
using OpenQA.Selenium; using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome; class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { // Create a new instance of the Chrome driver IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(); // Navigate to your web page driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("your_website_url_here"); // Find the input element by its ID (replace with your element's ID) IWebElement inputElement = driver.FindElement(By.Id("your_input_element_id")); // Set a new value to the input element inputElement.SendKeys("New Value"); // Close the driver when done driver.Quit(); } }
using OpenQA.Selenium; using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome; using OpenQA.Selenium.Interactions; using System; class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { // Create a new instance of the Chrome driver IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(); // Navigate to your web page driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("your_website_url_here"); // Find the element you want to double-click (replace with your element locator) IWebElement elementToDoubleClick = driver.FindElement(By.Id("your_element_id_here")); // Create an Actions object Actions actions = new Actions(driver); // Double-click the element actions.DoubleClick(elementToDoubleClick).Build().Perform(); // You can add additional actions or interactions here if needed // Close the driver when done driver.Quit(); } }
using OpenQA.Selenium; using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome; class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { // Create a new instance of the Chrome driver IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(); // Navigate to your web page driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("your_website_url_here"); // Find the tr element by its class or other suitable attribute IWebElement trElement = driver.FindElement(By.ClassName("rgRow")); // Find the td element inside the tr element IWebElement tdElement = trElement.FindElement(By.TagName("td")); // You can now interact with the tdElement as needed // For example, to get its text: string tdText = tdElement.Text; // Close the driver when done driver.Quit(); } }
Clicking an element in Selenium WebDriver using C# is quite straightforward. Once you have located the element using any of the locator strategies (like ID, class name, XPath, etc.), you can use the Click
method to perform a click action on that element.
Here’s a simple example to demonstrate how to find an HTML element by its XPath and then click it:
using System; using OpenQA.Selenium; using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome; namespace MySeleniumApp { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { // Initialize the Chrome Driver using (IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver()) { // Navigate to a website driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://www.example.com"); // Find the element by its XPath IWebElement element = driver.FindElement(By.XPath("your_xpath_here")); // Click the element element.Click(); // Optionally, wait for the action to complete or for the next element to be visible // Example: using WebDriverWait // Close the driver driver.Quit(); } } } }
You can also use other locator strategies like By.Id
, By.ClassName
, etc., to find the element you want to click.
using System; using OpenQA.Selenium; using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome; namespace MySeleniumApp { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { // Initialize the Chrome Driver using (IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver()) { // Navigate to a website driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://www.example.com"); // Find element by its XPath IWebElement element = driver.FindElement(By.XPath("your_xpath_here")); // Perform actions on the element (e.g., click, send keys, etc.) string elementText = element.Text; // Output the text of the element Console.WriteLine($"Element text is: {elementText}"); // Close the driver driver.Quit(); } } } }
In Selenium WebDriver with C#, if you want to find an element based on both its class name and the text it contains, you can use XPath or CSS selectors for more advanced matching. XPath allows you to traverse the HTML DOM and perform more complex queries to find elements.
Here’s an example that demonstrates how to find an element by its class name and text content:
using System; using OpenQA.Selenium; using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome; namespace MySeleniumApp { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { // Initialize the Chrome Driver using (IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver()) { // Navigate to a website driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://www.example.com"); // Find element by its class name and text content using XPath IWebElement element = driver.FindElement(By.XPath("//*[contains(@class, 'element_class_name_here') and text()='element_text_here']")); // Perform actions on the element (e.g., click, send keys, etc.) // ... Your logic here ... // Close the driver driver.Quit(); } } } }
using System; using OpenQA.Selenium; using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome; namespace MySeleniumApp { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { // Initialize the Chrome Driver using (IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver()) { // Navigate to a website driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://www.example.com"); // Find element by its class name IWebElement element = driver.FindElement(By.ClassName("element_class_name_here")); // Perform actions on the element (e.g., click, send keys, etc.) string elementText = element.Text; // Output the text of the element Console.WriteLine($"Element text is: {elementText}"); // Close the driver driver.Quit(); } } } }
using System; using OpenQA.Selenium; using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome; namespace MySeleniumApp { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { // Initialize the Chrome Driver using (IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver()) { // Navigate to a website driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://www.example.com"); // Find element by its id IWebElement element = driver.FindElement(By.Id("element_id_here")); // Perform actions on the element (e.g., click, send keys, etc.) string elementText = element.Text; // Output the text of the element Console.WriteLine($"Element text is: {elementText}"); // Close the driver driver.Quit(); } } } }
Running Selenium tests in a virtual desktop environment on Linux can be particularly useful for isolating the browser and running tests as if they were in a GUI, without interfering with the actual display. A common tool for creating a virtual desktop on Linux is Xvfb (X Virtual FrameBuffer).
First, you need to install Xvfb. You can install it using your distribution’s package manager. For Ubuntu/Debian:
sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install -y xvfb
Start Xvfb on a particular display
Xvfb :99 -ac &
Export DISPLAY Environment Variable
You need to tell your terminal session to send any graphical output to the virtual frame buffer set up by Xvfb. You can do this by setting the DISPLAY
environment variable.
export DISPLAY=:99
Run Your Selenium Test
Now you can run your Selenium test as you would normally, and it will send its output to the virtual frame buffer instead of trying to use a physical display.
Here is a sample C# code snippet that opens Google in Chrome. Make sure you have the Selenium WebDriver NuGet package and ChromeDriver installed.
using System; using OpenQA.Selenium; using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome; namespace MySeleniumApp { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { // Initialize ChromeDriver using (IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver()) { // Navigate to Google driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://www.google.com"); // Do your test logic here // Close the driver driver.Quit(); } } } }
Stop Xvfb
After you’ve finished running your tests, you can stop the Xvfb process.
killall Xvfb
Configure Xvfb directly within your C# code
To configure a virtual desktop like Xvfb directly within your C# code, you can use the System.Diagnostics.Process
class to start and stop the Xvfb process. This approach can be useful for programmatically managing the virtual display environment.
Here’s an example that demonstrates how to start Xvfb, set the DISPLAY
environment variable, and then run a Selenium test—all within the C# code.
using System; using System.Diagnostics; using OpenQA.Selenium; using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome; namespace MySeleniumApp { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { // Start Xvfb on display 99 Process xvfbProcess = new Process(); xvfbProcess.StartInfo.FileName = "Xvfb"; xvfbProcess.StartInfo.Arguments = ":99 -ac"; xvfbProcess.StartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = true; xvfbProcess.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = false; xvfbProcess.StartInfo.CreateNoWindow = true; xvfbProcess.Start(); // Wait for Xvfb to initialize System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(2000); // Set the DISPLAY environment variable Environment.SetEnvironmentVariable("DISPLAY", ":99"); // Initialize ChromeDriver using (IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver()) { // Navigate to Google driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://www.google.com"); // Do your test logic here // Close the driver driver.Quit(); } // Stop Xvfb process xvfbProcess.Kill(); } } }
By using this approach, you can encapsulate the entire process of setting up a virtual display and running a Selenium test in your C# code, making it easier to integrate into your automated testing workflow.